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London- Transport Continued

The London (LPTB) unified services in the for the first time. The period saw of the tube network and was directly responsible for the expansion of the suburbs. The area of responsibility of the LPTB was far greater than the current boundaries. The extensive New Works Programme was halted by World War II, with some projects abandoned but others completed after the end of hostilities. The famous brand and architectural style was perfected during this period, with the famous tube map first produced in 1933.

[edit] 1948-1963

Main article: Executive

The responsibilities of the LPTB passed to the Executive (LTE) in 1948. was taken in to public ownership and became part of the Commission, which brought and under the same control for the first and last time. The period saw the start of direct recruitment from the Caribbean and the repair and replacement of and stations damaged during the war as well as completion of delayed projects such as the Central Line eastern extension. The was introduced in 1956. were withdrawn in 1952 and trolleybuses in 1962.

[edit] 1963-1970

Main article: Board

The Board replaced the Executive in 1963 and reported directly to the , ending its direct association with the management of . During this period many of Britain’s unprofitable were closed down, as most routes in the capital were widely used the Beeching Axe had little effect. However, during this period there was little investment in and the motor car increased in popularity. During this period the Victoria Line was opened - although work had started in the early 1960s - and the (less than satisfactory) AEC Merlin single-deck was introduced.

[edit] 1970-1984

The legislation creating the Council (GLC) was already passed in 1963 when the Board was created. However, control did not pass to the new authority until 1 January 1970.

The GLC broadly controlled only those services within the boundaries of so the (green painted) country and Green Line Coaches were passed to the National Company. The period is perhaps the most controversial in London’s transport history. There was a severe lack of funding from central government and staff shortages. A ‘Fares Fair’ campaign started by the GLC in 1980 increased taxation in order to lower fares and was later found to be illegal leading to a 96% increase in fares in 1982. A later scheme developed in 1983 and 1985 created the zone system which is still in use today.

[edit] 1984-2000

Main article: London Regional Transport

The GLC was abolished in 1986 with responsibility for removed two years earlier in 1984. The new authority, London Regional Transport (LRT), again came under direct state control, reporting to the Secretary of State for Transport.

The London Regional Transport Act contained provision for setting up subsidiary companies to run the Underground and services and in 1985 London Underground Limited (LUL), a wholly owned subsidiary of London Regional Transport, was set up to manage the tube network. In 1988 ten individual line business units were created to manage the network.

London Limited was constituted to progress the privatisation of London services. was converted to a route operating contract tendering authority, and the former operating interests and assets of were split into 12 business units under the banner London . The 12 units competed for contracts with private operators from 1984, and were all sold off by 1994/5 becoming private operators themselves.

[edit] 2000-2003

A replacement authority for the GLC was set up in 2000, the Authority with a transport executive called Transport for London (). It is the first authority since 1933 not to be commonly called . Controversially, the London Underground did not pass to until after a Private Finance Initiative (PFI) agreement for maintenance was completed in 2003.

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